Manthan: The churning

Watching Shyam Benegal’s Manthan (1976) was a great experience. My respect for our film industry has elevated to completely another level. The White revolution of India in 1970 serves as a backdrop to the film. The cinematography is beautiful. The movie is about the setting up of Milk co-operatives in villages for the benefit of poor farmers especially, this pattern of setting up of milk co-operatives in rural India, led to the formation of Amul, a daily co-operative in Anand, Gujarat, which is today jointly owned by around 2.6 million milk producers in Gujarat. The title song ‘Mero gaam katha parey’ is a gujarati folk song gives a very homely feel about rural India.

The movie is a well balanced blend of realism and altruism. The exposition or character building is successful all throughout the film; I can say that because in the end you tend to get attached to the main characters and can feel their pain and can also relate to them and their problems. Girish Karnad, has played his role, Dr. Manohar Rao, an idealistic youth with such conviction but even then Naseeruddin Shah takes away the audience by the earnestness and innocence of his character Bhola, the local head of all the Harijans, they make up half the village. Smita Patil plays her role Bindu, a woman feeding herself and her child on her own as her husband is of no use, with the utmost sincerity too. Arish Puri too, on the other hand comes to us naturally like a real-life villain, playing the role of Mishraji, who buys milk from the villagers at meager costs and profits from his dairy. Kulbhushan Kharbanda plays the sarpanch of the village, who is the other menace for the poor villagers.

All in all, I was not very interested in watching this old hindi movie but I do not the least regret watching it as I enjoyed every little thing about it, the more than usual different language, the interesting gujarati clothes, the village backdrop, the women carrying 1 or 2 matkas of milk on their head and kids on their waist; the plight of the villagers stuck between poverty, the ‘dadagiri’ of the sarpanch and power of Mishra; and the disparity that is felt by someone when their only buffalo, a source of their income, dies; the dialogue "sisoti aapni hai, aapni sisoti!' refering to the milk co-operative society.

If you too, like me love India for all its little worlds and stories it is made up of then go watch Manthan! Like Seriously, Watch It!

10 Photographs: 10 Stories from different Places and Eras

The Revolution Ignited by a Single Match

On June 11, 1963 Thich Quang Duc, a 66 year old Buddhist monk sat down calmly in a busy intersection in Saigon and lit himself on fire. He did not make a sound nor moved a muscle. His act of self-immolation was to protest against the US-backed South Vietnamese Ngo Dinh Diem’s Catholic Government’s repression of Buddhists. The impact was immense and immediate; it brought masses together, expressing their rage, grief and resulted within a few months in America overthrowing its puppet.

What is Home? 

By Moises Saman

PERU. La Rinconada. February 24, 2015. A woman and her two children stand at the top of a narrow passage covered with trash bags connecting the town of La Rinconada with the gold mines in the nearby mountain. La Rinconada is the highest continuously populated town in the world, located in the Peruvian Andes, at 5100 meters above sea level.

Internal Resonance 

By Henri Cartier-Bresson

INDIA. Kashmir. Srinagar. 1948. Muslim women on the slopes of Hari Parbal Hill, praying toward the sun rising behind the Himalayas.

The Last Tunnel

By Henri Cartier-Bresson

FRANCE. Brie. 1968

Can there be hope in perpetual curse?

By Henri Cartier-Bresson

INDIA. Tamil Nadu. Madurai. 1950

Kaleidoscope

By Henri Cartier-Bresson

USA. Fire in Hoboken, facing Manhattan. 1947.

Puzzling Canopy

By Stuart Franklin/Magnum Photos

MALAYSIA, Kepong Forest Reserve, crown shyness in the kapur tree (Dryobalanops aromatica), one of the dipterocarps that, as they mature in the forest, develop mutual avoidance, 1997.

The Devil's Bridge

Devil’s Bridge is a term applied to dozens of ancient bridges, found primarily in Europe. Most of these bridges are stone or masonry arch bridges and represent a significant technological achievement.

Everyone has to choose a side. 

 A pigeon with a small camera attached. The trained birds were used experimentally by German citizen Julius Neubronner, before and during the war years, capturing aerial images when a timer mechanism clicked the shutter.











The world belongs to her.. Marilyn Monroe

One Power Plant

So in search of a story, for an assignment, about a community who is being affected negatively by technology we did some background search on the internet and read about a thermal power plant located in Mudrangadi, not very far from Manipal. We decided to go there and talk to people living near the power plant.

The Journey

We went to different locations to collect information about the problems that people of that place were facing due to the power plant. We mostly traveled by bus and sometimes by auto. We covered Mudrangadi the first day, four of us. The second time we went there, there were only two of us and we went to Yarmal and Nandikur. For us, Padubidri was our focal point for moving about everywhere. I was personally using Google Maps too for the navigation apart from asking directions.

Manipal > Udupi > Padubidri >   1> Mudrangadi

                                              2> Yarmal

                                              3> Nandikur

about the plant:

It is commonly known as UPCL which is Udupi Power Corporation Ltd.

It is also known as Lanco Udupi Coal Mega Power Plant.

Its old name is Nagarjuna Power Plant, the locals know it by that name too.

The plant is 6 years old though it started functioning from the last 2 years.

Mudrangadi  मुद्रांगड़ी 

We talked to a family that lives quite nearby to the power plant. Their house seemed nice, cozy and old with a well in front and a lush green veranda. They had numbers of croton plants planted in their veranda too that seemed old but well maintained. Everything seemed normal. We told them the purpose of our visit and they were glad to help. Their house is 50 years old and they used to have a Chiku tree that was 25 years old…it died an year ago. They have plenty of Areca nut (supari) trees, that no longer produce the areca nuts as the nut does not stay on the trees, they mostly fall off before ripening. Several times soot falls from the sky. The family is not experiencing any ill-effects on their health as of now 

due to the plant. They say that the water provided by their well has gone lower after the power plant was set up, 'decrease in the water table'. They show us their main gate which is probably made of iron and tell us that it was painted last year and it is already rusting. They tell us that this is the case with all the metals in this region, they rust very fast. We did notice a lot of heaps of metals rusting while walking around in Mudrangadi. 

Open Coal Transportation also takes place here quiet frequently. Though there is no one having a breathing problem due to the ash.

The entire area on which the power plant has been built used to be agricultural land. These lands belonged to farmers. At first, many of them were convinced into giving their lands and they did so generously. Later, there were many others who resisted giving up their farm lands but their lands were taken nonetheless forcefully.

Yarmal  यर्मल 

The localites here at Yarmal told us that the plant takes water from the sea through a huge pipeline. Then the power plant also disposes of dirty water back in the Arabian sea at Yarmal beach which is a nuisance to the communities living there while also harming the natural marine life and environment.

Sometimes there are leakages or the pipeline gets damaged and large amounts of salty sea water gets spilled and mixes with the natural ground water resource already present. This has happened several times to the extent that families living in this area can not use the wells they have been drawing water from since ages, in their ancestral homes. The ground water itself has become salty! During the rainy season which is little longer here in the south of Karnataka, the communities do not face any problem with regard to availability of fresh water. In the non-rainy season they have to travel kilometers (atleast five) to bring fresh water for their families. There are very few wells in the area that can still provide non-salty water. One of such wells is the Gram Panchayat’s well. Many families rely on it as the source of regular supply of drinking water but they still have to get water from other sources as fresh water is required for many purposes in the household.

Nandikur  नन्दीकुर 

We talked to a few people here, they told us the following. In the two years that the plant has been functioning, people living here have had health problems related to breathing due to the smoke the thermal power plant generates. Also, for the last one year the power plant has been a nuisance for the residents due to the amount of noise that it makes during the night.

Kerum  केरम 

Kerum is a place near Mudrangadi and Nandikur. We talked to few people who are from Kerum and know about it. They said that there are a lot of Coconut plantations there but now slightly smaller coconuts grow there and many times unripe coconuts also fall in a very un-natural way.

Conclusion

I do not have much to conclude about any of all this because I myself am left thinking that what can be done? Apart from proper pollution checks and maintenance checks and proper compensation to people who rightfully deserve it, how can the environment be protected? Where will electricity come from if we do not have power plants?...

Even still I do protest against the UPCL and I feel bad for all the communities whose daily lives are affected by this modern humongous infrastructure built for the needs of the growing urban numbers.

My Search for a Lamp in the Darkness . . .

Her name is Geeta. She is a patient of breast cancer and the medical condition is called carcinoma breast. She was diagnosed in January. She has undergone surgery followed by chemotherapy and is now undergoing a treatment with radiation. A doctor here briefly explained me Geeta’s case and I was interested in her for my story due to the fact that she is recovering at a good pace. She is currently staying at a ward for cancer patients in Shirdi Sai Baba Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Manipal.

A radiation treatment usually has a duration of 6 weeks but Geeta is being given a newer treatment/regimen which she will receive for a comparatively short while. She has already received 3 weeks of radiation treatment. Every morning for 5 days a week she meets the medical equipment called linear accelerator. She will probably be at the hospital for a week more, before being discharged, after which she will have to come for monthly checkups. Geeta says that the doctors come and talk to the patients nicely and inform them well about their current state and treatment regularly. The nurses are polite too.

She is 45 years old and the mother of two daughters; one is in high school whereas the other is an engineering student in Mangalore. She stays in touch with her family through a cell phone and talks to them daily. Her husband comes to meet her once in every 3 days and her elder daughter comes once a week. Her brother too visits her frequently. She spends her free time here in the female general ward either strolling or watching television. She has her meals at the canteen whereas the medicines are given by the nursing staff.

Geeta, this happy, cute and now bald woman who was smiling all the time while me and my friend were talking to her, comes from a village known as Teerta-halli in Shimoga district. She at first noticed a lump or knot in her body and felt pain and showed to a doctor; the doctor had explained Geeta her condition to her and her family, they all were very worried about her health and life. She says that on talking to her neighbors and family friends about cancer, they were advised not to lose hope and that there is a cure and treatment for what she is going through. Basically, it is amusing that people of every social background are aware of the age we now live in. Geeta and her family then came to Manipal for the treatment.

She is afraid of the future but she still tells me that every morning after she goes through her daily radiation session she feels good after so many months and has hope that she will be completely alright and that she will get cured! She personally senses it in her body that she is being cured and that all the medication she has gone through is worth it and she feels ‘good’. She said atleast 3 times ‘achha lagta hai’.

Here comes the best part, me and my kannada speaking friend explained to her that I was taking her story for an assignment on ‘how a person’s life had been positively transformed by technology’ and that we wanted to know her opinion on this. Firstly, she states that she is ‘Happy’...’Khush’. Secondly, she is very grateful for the doctors and the medication that she has been able to receive because of being here, in the cancer block. She says that if technology is harming anyone or anything then it is no good, but if it is helping people then it is a very good thing. It is a very simple thing but none would expect it from an ordinary person of such a simplistic background to say that. She further added that technology is helping her to live more, that is, a longer life. She does realize that she is luckier than the people who had such diseases a few decades back, diseases that are so complex and not easily treatable without advanced medical science. Moreover, she also says that technology is giving ‘hope’ to people.